冬虫夏草因为药用价值高，滋补功效好，而家喻户晓。有一种虫草，不仅价值可以和冬虫夏草相媲美，而且还可以人工规模化栽培。这就是北虫草。北虫草，学名叫蛹虫草。是冬虫夏草的一个亲姐妹，同属于真菌门，子囊菌纲，肉座菌目，麦角菌科，虫草菌属。是虫草菌属的模式种。北虫草刚收获时，样子有点像菌类，烘干后的北虫草更像草。是一种药、食两用真菌，可以全草入药，具有药用价值和滋补功能。 本期节目就向朋友们北虫草的人工培育技术。
Cordyceps because of high medicinal value, tonic effects, while the household. A Chinese caterpillar fungus, not only the value and Cordyceps comparable, but also artificial large-scale cultivation. This is North Cordyceps. North Cordyceps school called Cordyceps Militaris. A Cordyceps sisters, belong to the same fungal door, Ascomycetes, meat seat bacteria mesh, ergot Division Cordyceps genus. Is the type species of the genus Cordyceps. North Cordyceps recently harvested, looks a bit like a fungus, North Cordyceps more like dried grass. A drug, edible fungus, whole plant medicine, medicinal value and nourishing function. In this program to friends Cordyceps artificial breeding techniques.
[Google translated]
Watch the video
Friday 21 December 2012
Cordyceps Militaris artificial breeding techniques (20120612) - 蛹虫草人工培育技术
蛹虫草作为冬虫夏草的保健品生产替代品，广泛用于制药，深受消费者青睐。人工培育蛹虫草，不仅占地少，栽培周期短，而且经济效益好，是农村农民致富的好项目，为我国名贵药材产业化生产开辟了新途径。本期节目分六个培养阶段为您介绍蛹虫草的培育技术。
Cordyceps Militaris Cordyceps health product alternatives, are widely used in the pharmaceutical, favored by consumers. Artificial to cultivate Cordyceps Militaris, covering less cultivation period is short, and good economic returns, is a good project for rural farmers to get rich, and opened up new avenues for the industrial production of rare medicinal herbs. In this program, divided into six training stage Cordyceps Militaris cultivation techniques to introduce you to.
[Google translated]
Watch the video
Cordyceps Militaris Cordyceps health product alternatives, are widely used in the pharmaceutical, favored by consumers. Artificial to cultivate Cordyceps Militaris, covering less cultivation period is short, and good economic returns, is a good project for rural farmers to get rich, and opened up new avenues for the industrial production of rare medicinal herbs. In this program, divided into six training stage Cordyceps Militaris cultivation techniques to introduce you to.
[Google translated]
Watch the video
Friday 7 December 2012
Some Cordyceps and Paecilomyces spp that have produced fruiting bodies in artificial conditions
1. Cordyceps militaris, 2. Cordyceps taii, 3. Cordyceps phecocephla, 4.
Cordyceps longissima, 5. Cordyceps bassiana, 6. Cordyceps oxycephala, 7.
Cordyceps gracilioides, 8. Cordyceps myrmecophila, 9. Cordyceps
formicarum, 10. Cordyceps formosana Kobayasi & Shimizu, 11. Cordyceps
brongniatii, 12. Cordyceps nutans, 13. Cordyceps bifusispora aff., 14.
Cordyceps gunnii var. minor
( 十七种虫草的子实体培育研究 Artificial culture of seventeen Cordyceps spp.
LI Chun-Ru, NAM Sung-Hee, GENG De-Gui, FAN Mei-Zhen, LI Zeng-Zhi )
Cordyceps sp. of Dr. Tapingkae (ทะพิงค์แก)
And (O)C. sobolifera
cultivated with the same method.
( www.tapingkae.in.th )
Paecilomyces/Isaria japonica/tenuipes, Cordyceps pruinosa (Ho Gyoung Kim et al .)
and fumosoroseus, takaomontana, sinclairii, ophioglossoides, etc.etc...
few more nice pictures ( from www.mushtech.co.kr )
( www.tapingkae.in.th )
Cordyceps/Ophiocordyceps sinensis
( Professors Shen Nan Ying 沈南英 and Ke Chuan-Kui 柯传奎 1980's - 2004? )
Semicultivated Cordyceps/Ophiocordyceps sinensis
( Chinavivers and Daniel Winkler )
Paecilomyces cicadae ( Chai Yiqiu 柴一秋 ), Cordyceps cicadae (WANG, Yongjun et al .)
Paecilomyces/Isaria japonica/tenuipes, Cordyceps pruinosa (Ho Gyoung Kim et al .)
and fumosoroseus, takaomontana, sinclairii, ophioglossoides, etc.etc...
few more nice pictures ( from www.mushtech.co.kr )
Thursday 6 December 2012
Speeker's Corner links checked
There are now about 900 links at speeker.tk (and speeker.freehostia.com).
Over one third of them are dead. They are marked with gray color.
Over one third of them are dead. They are marked with gray color.
Tuesday 4 December 2012
Himalayan Viagra: A Mushroom Rises High
It’s one of the most expensive and elusive herbs in the world, selling at up to 8,000€ a kilo. Chinese billionaires want it for its legendary powers as an aphrodisiac. Doctors prize its medical properties. Every spring, entire villages in the Himalayas empty as people go in search of the yarshagumba mushroom. But it’s a difficult task, fraught with danger. The yarshagumba only grows for a few weeks of the year at high altitudes in the mountains. Harvesters, which include young children, run the risk of altitude sickness and breathing problems. We examine the yarshagumba phenomenon, following the mushrooms’ journey from the peaks of the Himalayas to the markets of Asia.
Georges HALPERN, J.Y WU, John HOLLIDAY
Watch Video Himalayan Viagra A Mushroom Rises High at blinkx
Georges HALPERN, J.Y WU, John HOLLIDAY
Watch Video Himalayan Viagra A Mushroom Rises High at blinkx
Ophiocordyceps sinensis clip
《大美青海》三江源 走遍中国 - "Great Beauty of Qinghai" Three Rivers Across China 20110220
Chinese and English subtitles
Watch the video
Chinese and English subtitles
Watch the video
Monday 3 December 2012
Sunday 2 December 2012
Nature and Science - The Family of Fungi (CNTV.com)
Part 1: Children of the Forests
Part 2: Witch’s Circles
Part 3: Killer or Savior
Part 4: The Temptation of Truffles
Watch the videos
Part 2: Witch’s Circles
Part 3: Killer or Savior
Part 4: The Temptation of Truffles
Watch the videos
Saturday 1 December 2012
[Technology Garden] Uncover the mysterious veil of the morel (part 2) (20120530) - [科技苑]揭开羊肚菌的神秘面纱(下)
野生羊肚菌的人工栽培是一个世界性的难题。朱斗锡通过27年的研究发现，一方面羊肚菌自身有许多与其它食用菌完全不同的特性，另一方面，它与生长环境之间又存在错综复杂的关系。为了实现人工种植，朱斗锡的研究团队从野外考察开始，一路闯关，连续攻克了育种、人工环境模拟、虫害防治等种关口，终于让羊肚菌在大田里面安家落户。本期节目将详细讲述朱斗锡团队的研发故事。
Artificial cultivation of wild morel is a worldwide problem. Zhu bucket tin by 27-year study found that the morel itself on the one hand there are many other edible fungi completely different characteristics, on the other hand, it is with the intricate relationship between the growth environment. Research team in order to achieve the artificial planting, Zhu bucket tin from fieldwork began, all the way to break through the barrier, continuous capture of breeding, artificial environment simulation, pest control and other kinds of checkpoints, and finally let morel in the Daejeon inside settled. In this program, will describe in detail the story of Zhu bucket tin R & D team.
[Google translated]
Watch the video
Artificial cultivation of wild morel is a worldwide problem. Zhu bucket tin by 27-year study found that the morel itself on the one hand there are many other edible fungi completely different characteristics, on the other hand, it is with the intricate relationship between the growth environment. Research team in order to achieve the artificial planting, Zhu bucket tin from fieldwork began, all the way to break through the barrier, continuous capture of breeding, artificial environment simulation, pest control and other kinds of checkpoints, and finally let morel in the Daejeon inside settled. In this program, will describe in detail the story of Zhu bucket tin R & D team.
[Google translated]
Watch the video
[Technology Garden] Uncover the mysterious veil of the morel (part 1) (20120529) - [科技苑]揭开羊肚菌的神秘面纱(上)
羊肚菌是一种珍稀名贵的野生食用菌，产量很少，采集困难。四川省绵阳市食用菌研究所经过25年的栽培研究，解决了羊肚菌大田商业化栽培的关键技术，实现了羊肚菌在自然条件下进行“冬种春收”的栽培目标。近日，一法国公司出资380万元人民币购买了这项新技术。那么，这卖出了380万元的技术，到底在羊肚菌的培养料、温度、湿度、病虫害防控等方面，实现了怎样的技术突破呢?
Morels are a rare and valuable wild edible mushrooms, low production, acquisition difficulties. Edible Fungi Research Institute, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, after 25 years of cultivation research to address the key technologies for the commercial cultivation of morel Daejeon, morel cultivation objectives under natural conditions, the winter spring collection. Recently, a French company invested 3.8 million yuan to buy the new technology. Well, it sold 380 million in technology and in the end morel culture material, temperature, humidity, pest prevention and how technological breakthroughs?
[Google translated]
Watch the video
Morels are a rare and valuable wild edible mushrooms, low production, acquisition difficulties. Edible Fungi Research Institute, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, after 25 years of cultivation research to address the key technologies for the commercial cultivation of morel Daejeon, morel cultivation objectives under natural conditions, the winter spring collection. Recently, a French company invested 3.8 million yuan to buy the new technology. Well, it sold 380 million in technology and in the end morel culture material, temperature, humidity, pest prevention and how technological breakthroughs?
[Google translated]
Watch the video
Friday 30 November 2012
473 medicinal fungi from China
中国药用真菌名录及部分名称的修订
A revised checklist of medicinal fungi in China
DAI Yu-Cheng ; YANG Zhu-Liang
Abstract: More and more people have recently payed their attention to studies or investigations on medicinal fungi in China. However, many nomenclatural inconsistencies were found in the Chinese reports. The publications on Chinese medicinal fungi were critically reviewed. As a result, 473 medicinal fungi from China were enumerated in the present checklist. All of the names were checked or revised in accordance with the contemporary taxonomy and the latest version of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Vienna Code). The ‘out-of-date’ names, ill-names, and un-existed names and misapplied names in the previous reports were revised. The common synonyms were listed after their valid names. The main medicinal functions of each species, together with the original or important references, were provided.
Key words: medicinal fungi, Latin name, nomenclature
菌物掌报 (Mycosystema) 15 November 2008. 27(6)：801—824
Full list of the Latin names and the main medicinal functions [Google translated]
A revised checklist of medicinal fungi in China
DAI Yu-Cheng ; YANG Zhu-Liang
Abstract: More and more people have recently payed their attention to studies or investigations on medicinal fungi in China. However, many nomenclatural inconsistencies were found in the Chinese reports. The publications on Chinese medicinal fungi were critically reviewed. As a result, 473 medicinal fungi from China were enumerated in the present checklist. All of the names were checked or revised in accordance with the contemporary taxonomy and the latest version of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Vienna Code). The ‘out-of-date’ names, ill-names, and un-existed names and misapplied names in the previous reports were revised. The common synonyms were listed after their valid names. The main medicinal functions of each species, together with the original or important references, were provided.
Key words: medicinal fungi, Latin name, nomenclature
菌物掌报 (Mycosystema) 15 November 2008. 27(6)：801—824
Full list of the Latin names and the main medicinal functions [Google translated]
Methods for isolation of entomopathogenic fungi from the soil environment
by Nicolai V. Meyling
Summary
Descriptions of methods and recommendation of laboratory procedures for the isolation of
soil borne entomopathogenic fungi (specifically Beauveria spp. and M. anisopliae) are
presented. For screening of occurrences of indigenous populations of entomopathogenic fungi
the insect bait method is recommended. Further recommendations are: 1) Collect sufficient
number of soil samples to cover the area of investigation; 2) if the bait method is used, apply
sufficient individuals of bait insects to each sample to increase the likelihood of isolating the
fungi present. Descriptions of isolation methods, statistical analyses of the data and
preparation of media and bait insects are given.
http://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http://orgprints.org/11200/1/11200.pdf
Summary
Descriptions of methods and recommendation of laboratory procedures for the isolation of
soil borne entomopathogenic fungi (specifically Beauveria spp. and M. anisopliae) are
presented. For screening of occurrences of indigenous populations of entomopathogenic fungi
the insect bait method is recommended. Further recommendations are: 1) Collect sufficient
number of soil samples to cover the area of investigation; 2) if the bait method is used, apply
sufficient individuals of bait insects to each sample to increase the likelihood of isolating the
fungi present. Descriptions of isolation methods, statistical analyses of the data and
preparation of media and bait insects are given.
http://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http://orgprints.org/11200/1/11200.pdf
Thursday 29 November 2012
Selective Media for Isolation of Entomogenous Fungi
(from: Bioassays of Entomopathogenic Microbes and Nematodes CABI)
Veen’s agar medium (1 l) (Veen and Ferron, 1966)
35 g Mycological agar (Difco) or 10 g Oxoid neutralized soya peptone, 10 g
dextrose, 15 g No. 1. agar (or Bacto-agar), 1 g chloramphenicol (store 4°C),
and 0.5 g cycloheximide (= Actidione; store 4°C). Add 1 l distilled water, stir,
and cover. Autoclave for 10–15 min at 18–20 psi. Cool to c. 52°C and pour
plates in laminar flow cabinet.
Oatmeal dodine agar (Beilharz et al., 1982)
1. Antibiotic stock solution: add 4 g penicillin G (Sigma) and 10g streptomycin
sulphate (Sigma) to 40 ml sterile distilled water under sterile conditions.
Store at 4°C.
2. Crystal violet stock solution: add 0.1 g crystal violet (Sigma) to 200 ml distilled
water. Store in the dark.
3. Add 17.5 g oatmeal agar (Difco) and 2.5 g agar (Fisons) slowly to 0.5 l
distilled water while stirring vigorously and heat to boil.
4. Add 0.5 ml of the fungicide dodine (N-dodecylguanidine monoacetate;
Cyprex 65WP, American Cyanamid Co.) and 5 ml crystal violet stock solution
to the medium.
5. Autoclave for 20 min at 15 psi.
6. Allow medium to cool to 50–55°C and add 2 ml of antibiotic stock solution
under sterile conditions.
7. Swirl flask well to ensure thorough mixing of compounds and pour while
warm. There should be enough media for twenty 9-cm diameter Petri
dishes.
Selective agar medium (1 l) (Kerry et al., 1993)
37.5 mg carbendazim, 37.5 mg thiabendazole, 75 mg rose bengal, 17.5 g
NaCl, 50 mg each of streptomycin sulphate, aureomycin and chloramphenicol,
3 ml Triton X-100, and 17 g corn meal agar (Oxoid) in 1 l distilled water.
This medium is appropriate for selecting some Paecilomyces spp. and
Verticillium spp. from soil.
Paecilomyces lilicanus medium (Mitchell et al., 1987)
To prepare 1 l of medium, mix the following: 39 g PDA, 10–30 g NaCl, 1 g
Tergitol, 500 mg pentachloronitrobenzene, 500 mg benomyl, 100 mg streptomycin
sulphate, and 50 mg chlorotetracycline hydrochloride.
Wheat germ based selective agar medium (1 l) (Sneh, 1991)
1. Prepare an aqueous extract of wheat germ – mix 30 g wheat germ in 1 l
water, autoclave for 10 min and filter through four layers of cheesecloth.
2. Mix wheat germ extract (1 l) with 0.25 g chloramphenicol (heat stable) +
0.8 mg benlate (50% benomyl), 0.3 g dodine (65% n-dodecyl-guanidine
acetate), 10 mg crystal violet and 15 g agar.
3. Autoclave and pour into plates.
Copper-based selective agar medium (1 l) (Baath, 1991)
2% malt extract (Oxoid), 1.5% Agar (Difco) amended with 2–4 mg
CuSO4·5H2O per litre. Cordyceps militaris and Paecilomyces farinosus are
tolerant of high Cu levels (400 mg/L, followed by Metarhizium anisopliae
and Beauveria bassiana. Most other soil-borne fungi including
nematophagous species of Verticillium were less tolerant.
Veen’s agar medium (1 l) (Veen and Ferron, 1966)
35 g Mycological agar (Difco) or 10 g Oxoid neutralized soya peptone, 10 g
dextrose, 15 g No. 1. agar (or Bacto-agar), 1 g chloramphenicol (store 4°C),
and 0.5 g cycloheximide (= Actidione; store 4°C). Add 1 l distilled water, stir,
and cover. Autoclave for 10–15 min at 18–20 psi. Cool to c. 52°C and pour
plates in laminar flow cabinet.
Oatmeal dodine agar (Beilharz et al., 1982)
1. Antibiotic stock solution: add 4 g penicillin G (Sigma) and 10g streptomycin
sulphate (Sigma) to 40 ml sterile distilled water under sterile conditions.
Store at 4°C.
2. Crystal violet stock solution: add 0.1 g crystal violet (Sigma) to 200 ml distilled
water. Store in the dark.
3. Add 17.5 g oatmeal agar (Difco) and 2.5 g agar (Fisons) slowly to 0.5 l
distilled water while stirring vigorously and heat to boil.
4. Add 0.5 ml of the fungicide dodine (N-dodecylguanidine monoacetate;
Cyprex 65WP, American Cyanamid Co.) and 5 ml crystal violet stock solution
to the medium.
5. Autoclave for 20 min at 15 psi.
6. Allow medium to cool to 50–55°C and add 2 ml of antibiotic stock solution
under sterile conditions.
7. Swirl flask well to ensure thorough mixing of compounds and pour while
warm. There should be enough media for twenty 9-cm diameter Petri
dishes.
Selective agar medium (1 l) (Kerry et al., 1993)
37.5 mg carbendazim, 37.5 mg thiabendazole, 75 mg rose bengal, 17.5 g
NaCl, 50 mg each of streptomycin sulphate, aureomycin and chloramphenicol,
3 ml Triton X-100, and 17 g corn meal agar (Oxoid) in 1 l distilled water.
This medium is appropriate for selecting some Paecilomyces spp. and
Verticillium spp. from soil.
Paecilomyces lilicanus medium (Mitchell et al., 1987)
To prepare 1 l of medium, mix the following: 39 g PDA, 10–30 g NaCl, 1 g
Tergitol, 500 mg pentachloronitrobenzene, 500 mg benomyl, 100 mg streptomycin
sulphate, and 50 mg chlorotetracycline hydrochloride.
Wheat germ based selective agar medium (1 l) (Sneh, 1991)
1. Prepare an aqueous extract of wheat germ – mix 30 g wheat germ in 1 l
water, autoclave for 10 min and filter through four layers of cheesecloth.
2. Mix wheat germ extract (1 l) with 0.25 g chloramphenicol (heat stable) +
0.8 mg benlate (50% benomyl), 0.3 g dodine (65% n-dodecyl-guanidine
acetate), 10 mg crystal violet and 15 g agar.
3. Autoclave and pour into plates.
Copper-based selective agar medium (1 l) (Baath, 1991)
2% malt extract (Oxoid), 1.5% Agar (Difco) amended with 2–4 mg
CuSO4·5H2O per litre. Cordyceps militaris and Paecilomyces farinosus are
tolerant of high Cu levels (400 mg/L, followed by Metarhizium anisopliae
and Beauveria bassiana. Most other soil-borne fungi including
nematophagous species of Verticillium were less tolerant.
Monday 26 November 2012
Speeker's Corner was broken
The main domain http://www.speeker.tk is gone for good now, but it's "mirror" address is still working, at: http://speeker.freehostia.com
Though that free hosting service Freehostia was just down a moment ago, so this might be a good time to consider this blog as an alternative to a website.
Update: The main domain http://www.speeker.tk works again! Thank you dot.tk for your great free service!
Wednesday 21 November 2012
Saturday 17 November 2012
[Wealth] trades of the morel (20120419) - [生财有道]人工种出羊肚菌
羊肚菌是一种珍稀名贵的食用菌，它生长在大山森林之中，一年只长一次。由于受地区条件限制，产量很少，采集十分困难，而且羊肚菌在山上不易被人们发现。由于它功能齐全，香味独特，食效显著，价格相当昂贵，有“素中之荤”的美称。四川绵阳的刘学文2008年开始试验种植羊肚菌，培育出了曾经被认为不可能栽培成功的羊肚菌。小小羊肚菌给他每年带来了上百万的财富。
The morel is a rare and valuable edible fungus, which grows in the forests of the mountains, only a year long time. Due to regional conditions, low production, acquisition is very difficult in the mountains, and morel can not easily be found. Because it is fully functional, unique flavor, food efficiency significantly, the price is quite expensive, "factor in the meat" reputation. Mianyang, Sichuan Province, Liu Xuewen 2008 test planting Morels Morels breed once thought to be impossible cultivated successfully. Little morel give him a year has brought a wealth of millions.
[Google translated]
Watch the video
The morel is a rare and valuable edible fungus, which grows in the forests of the mountains, only a year long time. Due to regional conditions, low production, acquisition is very difficult in the mountains, and morel can not easily be found. Because it is fully functional, unique flavor, food efficiency significantly, the price is quite expensive, "factor in the meat" reputation. Mianyang, Sichuan Province, Liu Xuewen 2008 test planting Morels Morels breed once thought to be impossible cultivated successfully. Little morel give him a year has brought a wealth of millions.
[Google translated]
Watch the video